Natural disaster risk assessment and risk management

Disasters consent continuered in the world over for many years. They aim occurred both in MDCs and LDCs. These accidents piddle all been caused by gracious forces or natural forces or fundamental interaction of both natural and human forces. When they occur they cause serious challenges and consequences to the economies of affect aras or countries. Its estimated that the world looses over 750 dollars annually as a result of incident. In most cases, the phenomenon that triggers catastrophes is beyond human bind. In popular the loses that causes natural contingencys be largely a function of human factors which ar human decisions, human actions and human choices or sometimes lack of these. forrader I go into specifying a specific human hazard threat, it is consequential to exactly know what a disaster is or what it mode. A disaster means misfortunes or calamities. It plunder as well be termed as an incidental of great harm and distress. Its a serious disruption of functions of alliance causing widespread human, material or environmental loses that exceed the tycoon of the affected society to cope using its own resources.In this case, I am going to specifically dwell on temblor as a natural disaster and its threats. Earthquake is a tremor caused by the disturbance of the earth surface. When it happens it causes great destruction economically, socially and even psychologically to the battalion living around. Because earthquakes be natural disasters, human have no control over them and this basin explain why naturally occurring disasters have serious come to on human society. They only leave human universes with the option of reducing their impacts when they occur.As I have menti unmatchabled before, disaster is a result of human force, natural force or a conspiracy of both worry for these disasters have been put in place. Disaster management simply is a body of policy and administrative decisions and operational activities which b ushel to various stages of a disaster at all levels. So disaster management body has to come up with military group and facilities dealing with earthquakes. The personnel includes both the administrative, individuals and community actions who try to minimize loss of lives or/and reproach of facilities. This they do through disaster preparedness includes efforts for effective rescue of state involved in the earthquake disaster, relief and also rehabilitation and reconstruction of destroyed materials like edifices.The administration, individuals and community also engage in disaster mitigation which encompasses all measures to reduce the impact the earthquake disaster phenomenon by improving the communitys ability o throw the impact of the earthquake. This they do through the prevention, preparedness and real response of earthquake disaster during or after which includes relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction.Earthquake disaster pull up stakes decidedly leave behind vulnera ble people who are pr wizard to it once more incase it occurs again. To be vulnerable is to live with a likelihood that angiotensin converting enzyme will suffer from hazardous events. In the society, some people are more vulnerable than others.The nearness to hazardous places the more the consequence one will face. Earlier, earthquake disasters have established that natural hazards are a cause of vulnerability to disasters. People who live or work in accredited areas are prone to disasters that whitethorn occur to much(prenominal) areas. This means that humans living or working in certain areas move in themselves vulnerable to earthquakes disaster, for example if they live in areas of volcanic activities then they are prone to earthquakes or earth apparent motions respectively. Vulnerability is simply reduced to zipper by people not living in affected areas.Scientists, technologists and engineers have attempted to predict hazardous events and development of technologies that c an enable human structures to withstand earthquakes. The assumption has been that events are acts of nature that cannot be prevented but rather t here(predicate) are possibilities of reducing their consequences. As a result of this, technologies and materials for building and construction for example have been developed so that they can withstand earthquakes or earth movements.In spite of many games in the scientific and technological process to control vulnerability to earthquake disasters people detain to be injured, die and loss of property. One reason for this is because many earthquake disasters predictions and other mitigative technology are costly and individuals and communities are any unwilling or unable to afford them. The costs t break to get up criteria for deciding on what mitigation methods to use under various circumstances. So according to this view, although vulnerability is a cost, vulnerability reduction is itself costly.As I mentioned before, disaster does no t choose specific people and the nearer one gets to it or lives near it the more vulnerable he or she becomes. Earthquakes disasters do not choose the poor or the rich but it affects anyone or everyone. So earthquake or earth movement disasters impose a varied number of consequences on the humans, animals, physical and environmental aspects. These consequences can be in view of the time period of a disaster that is either short term, mid term or hanker term.To UNECLAC, effects of disasters are short term consequences of disaster that comprise of direct damage,, indirect restitution and secondary effect. Impacts comprise of economic, social, psychological and environmental impacts. These are mainly pine term consequences of disasters. The worst case scenario that determines the degree of risk is whereby disaster occurs because people who are vulnerable simply do not know when the disaster may occur, what protection measures to take and these coupled with negative attitudes towards use of certain measures.This increases human suffering from disastrous situation. A good example here is a case where by simple earth tremors or movements occur frequently leaving people with a normal assumption that such have been happening and that have never had effect on them. This will definitely make everyone to take such scenarios for granted not erudite that one day the tremor can turn out to be an earthquake. When it turns to be earthquake, it will find everyone unaware and hence will end up affecting the majority.The fact that disaster can happen anywhere and anytime, everyone should be prepared. Earthquakes disasters are categorized as either simple, Meagre or complex. What one society can look at as a simple earthquake disaster can be perceived as complex earthquake disaster by another society. Some disasters are also seen as rapid while others seen as sluggish.I may say that most earthquakes disasters can be considered as initially slow or creeping because mostly th ey begin as earth movement or tremors before ending up as earthquakes which are considered to being rapid. Earthquakes are as a result of natural forces or an interaction of human and natural hence they are beyond human control thus the society should be prepared on how they can be mitigated however much costly it may be.People should also be prepared because of the damages the earth quakes cause whether partial or complete destructions of physical infrastructure like buildings, people, communication networks, machineries, etc. They can be indirect damages that the damage to the flow of goods and services that can neither be produced nor distributed when a disaster occurs. Indirect damages are of four folds namely increased population costs, increased damages, loss of incarnate incomes and unexpected expenditures.In conclusion, earthquake disasters neither belong to the rich or poor but to everyone. This means it can affect everyone as long as one lives on the earths surface.Refere nceswww.redcross.com