'Corrections Timeline\r'

'This essay is going to show the development with quaternion sequences of the punitive arranging. The four eras that testament be demonstrateed with be: 1800, 1960, 1980 and 2000. For separately era we will go oer the description of the holding or monitoring of the offenders, the word and penalization of the offenders and the influences of the particular era on now’s correctional system. The conclusion will discuss the most beneficial era to the correctional system, as head as, recommendations for ways in which the current correctional system could be improved upon.\r\n pen era 1800’s With the ideas of The Age of Enlightenment growing in popularity, a new concept of criminal punishment came into play; the penitentiary. The penitentiary first appeargond in 1790 when the Philadelphia walnut route Jail was expanded to allow divorce confinement of inmates. The western State Penitentiary was set up in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1819, as well as the Auburn St ate Penitentiary in New York. The Auburn State Penitentiary was establish on a congregate system.\r\nSeeks to redeem offenders finished a well-ordered routine of the prison ho habituate house, implementing strict discipline, labor, obedience, and silence. The inmates were held in isolation at night but congregated in work employ a craps during the day. They could not talk or look at each other while working or at meals. The work consisted of hard labor, such as the construction of roads or buildings. The inmates had to walk in unison, in a formation known as the lock step. The goal of The Auburn State Penitentiary was to redeem the offender through the well-organized practice of the prison (Clear, Cole, & Reisig, 2009).\r\nIn 1821 after many old age of lobbying from the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons, the Pennsylvania Legislature approves keep to build the Eastern State Penitentiary. The new prison will hold 250 inmates. In 1829 Masks ar fancied to keep the inmates from communicating during rare trips outside their cells. Cells are equipped with feed doors and individual exercise yards to keep on contact amidst inmates, and minimize contact between inmates and guards.\r\nIn 1839, the County of Chester build its first off aim jail at Market and New Street in West Chester, Pennsylvania. This structure subsequently infrawent renewing and additions up until 1941. This Prison was modeled after the walnut tree Street jails in Philadelphia the first County institution which was built in 1770. The only differences were the sanitary provisions, beds and heating for each cell. 1862 †A cabinet fail is opened in the prison. In the next ten years, the prison will add a shoe shop, a burn shop, a wagon factory, and an expansion to the cabinet shop for other furniture and chairs.\r\nBy 1878, the revenues will be sufficient to allow the prison to run without drawing off appropriations from the state’s treasury. A knitting manufacture is added in 1893, a twine plant in 1912, a cannery in 1915, a license central office operation in 1917, a print shop in the early 1920s, and a laundry in 1940. The laundry, license plate, wood and metal furniture, printing and signage, silk-screening, and accommodate operations survive to this day at the prison.\r\n club Era 1960’s to 1980. During this era there were potentiometer of Development of styleal techniques in 1930s and mid-forties brought about concept of treatment in prisons. â€Å" punitory Facilities. ” Treatment based on â€Å"medical model. ” several(prenominal) and group therapy programs evolved. Neurosurgery- Used to control aggressive doings and destructive urges †frontal lobotomies were part of this approach. Sensory deprivation- vindication of stimulation by isolating prisoners in quiet, cloistral environment. Aversion therapy- Drugs and/or electric car shock employ to teach prisoner to associate negat ive behavior with pain and displeasure.\r\nToday’s Prisons In nowadays’s prisons Whites †1229 incarcerated per 100,000 white males in their late 20’s. Blacks †10,376 incarcerated per 100,000 black males in their late 20’s. the prisons today with the maximum system looks like the: high fences/walls of concrete barriers between living area and outer perimeter, electric perimeters, laser motion detectors, electronic and pneumatic secure systems, metal detectors, X-ray machines and television surveillance. Medium shelter prison, Similar in design to maximum warranter facilities, however, they allow prisoners more license.\r\nIn them, prisoners can ordinarily: associate with other prisoners, go to the prison yard, use exercise room/equipment, visit the library and take showers and use bathroom facilities with less supervision. Also in the medium security prison they usually fork over dormitory style housing. Cells and living quarters ply to do more windows. These facilities tend to have bristly wire fences instead of large stone walls. conclusion we have the minimum security prisons which: Housing tends to be dormitory style and prisoners usually have freedom of movement within the facility.\r\nWork is done under general supervision only. Guards are unarmed, and gun towers do not exist. Fences, if they exist, are low and sometimes unlocked. â€Å"Counts” are usually not taken. Prisoners are sometimes allowed to stick out their own clothes. I believe that all the eras had a lot to do with how far we have practice in the correctional system today. I would have to say that the way we are running the system today is the best we have had and we will cover to learn and over time will brace the system better.\r\n'